Into Unscientific

"Zhendong, Yongzhong, what do you think?"

Observe indoors.

Hearing Wang Yuan's words.

Liu Zhendong and Yu Yongzhong looked at each other and made a short exchange of eyes, then Yu Yongzhong said:

"Wang Gong, let me say a few words."

Wang Yuan nodded immediately:

"Say it."

Liu Zhendong and Wu Yongzhong can be regarded as Wang Yuan's two generals, but Liu Zhendong's work is more focused on the actual debugging and production of explosives, and Yu Yongzhong's experience in research and development is indeed richer.

Then Yu Yongzhong took a deep breath, looked up at Xu Yun, and said slowly:

"Wang Gong, I think the plan Comrade Han Li mentioned should be feasible."

"First of all, I have come into contact with the chromatographic separation of nitrous solution mentioned by Comrade Han Li - I happened to be in charge of gas chromatographic detection when I was at the Institute of Near Objects."

"Although gas phase and liquid chromatography are quite different in technology, the core principles of the two are similar, so I have some understanding of liquid chromatography."

"As far as I know, both the head-on method and the replacement method of liquid chromatography are very mature. The 256 Institute in Shanghai just introduced an alumina-filled distribution chromatograph with the assistance of overseas Chinese."

"So the step Comrade Han Li mentioned, I personally think there should be no problem."

Chromatographic detection.

This is a very common technology in modern times, and its prototype can be traced back to before AD.

Around 500 BC, a detection method appeared almost simultaneously in the East and the West:

A cloth merchant would place a drop of a solution containing a mixture of pigments on a piece of cloth or paper, and analyze the dyes and pigments by observing the concentric rings created by the uncoiling of the solution.

The essence of this method is actually the basic principle of modern chromatography.

Then in 1903.

Bear botanist Tswett presented a paper entitled "A new adsorption phenomenon and its application in biochemical analysis" at the meeting of the Biological Society of the Natural Science Society in Warsaw.

The paper proposes a new method of separating plant pigments by applying the principle of adsorption, which marks the beginning of modern chromatography.

At that time, he packed calcium carbonate into a vertical glass column, and poured the petroleum ether leaching solution of plant pigments from the top.

Then, the solvent is further used to wash, so that the solute forms obvious color bands in different parts of the column.

In this way he publicly exhibited a chromatographically purified coffin pigment solution, and a column tube with colored bands in the chromatogram.

Tswett named this method chromatography, the tube filling is called the stationary phase, and the eluent is called the mobile phase.

1941.

Martin et al. used water-saturated silica gel as the stationary phase, and chloroform containing ethanol as the mobile phase. The work of separating acetyl amino acids was the first application of partition chromatography-then they proposed the chromatographic plate theory that laid the foundation for the development of chromatography technology.

20 years have passed now.

Chromatography technology has achieved relatively mature results in the direction of liquid-solid chromatography, and its popularity is very high. Even the neighbor next door named Jin has mastered related technologies.

Last year, scientists across the sea also successfully developed a fine-grained high-efficiency packed chromatographic column, which greatly improved the separation ability of liquid chromatography.

And it's interesting.

Under the matchmaking of certain patriotic overseas Chinese.

This distribution chromatograph with fine-grained and highly efficient packed columns was successfully shipped back to China at the beginning of this year.

What?

Who are you asking for matchmaking?

you still need to ask?

Of course it is the old acquaintance of the rabbits, Comrade Qu Runpu, cough cough, Mr. Qu Runpu.

all in all.

With the assistance of such a set of equipment, there should be no problem in the chromatographic separation of the nitrous solution.

Then Yu Yongzhong paused and continued:

"As for the second step of the aldehyde-amine condensation reaction. If I understand Comrade Han Li correctly."

"This should be the process of covalent cross-linking of compounds with aldehyde groups and compounds with amino groups through the condensation of aldehyde groups and imino groups to form Schiff bases?"

Xu Yun nodded sharply.

The concept of chemical group was proposed very early, and it was proposed by Liebichtti and Wheeler as early as 1837.

Nowadays, concepts such as amino group, cyano group, and aldehyde group are already compulsory contents for college students of chemistry.

With Yu Yongzhong's ability, it's not surprising that he understood Xu Yun's meaning so quickly.

Of course.

That's the end of Xu Yun's introduction. Xu Yun didn't mention more in-depth peptide chains, cross-links, and collagen structures.

After all, these concepts have not yet come out, and the explanation is very complicated and meaningless-anyway, the synthesis process of CL20 only needs to involve aldolamine condensation.

And the other side.

After getting Xu Yun's affirmation, Yu Yongzhong picked up the paper and pen, and continued to explain his understanding:

"Since it is a covalent cross-linking process, the mechanism of the aldehyde-amine condensation reaction can theoretically have two situations."

"One is CH2C6H5[NO+]N (NO) CH2C6H5→NOHN+CHC6H5+H2O→C6H5CHONH[NO+]NNO"

"The other is NCHC6H5HN 2O4N＋O→NOCHC6H5NNO＋C6H5CHO"

"When the TADNSIW formed above reacts with the nitrating agent, the nitrolysis reaction of nitrosamine and tertiary acetamide will be carried out, and the nitrolysis mechanism of HNIW nitrosamine is similar to the nitration mechanism of tertiary amine"

"Then the dehydration reaction of amines with aldehydes and ketones first produces monomethanolamine, and then further dehydration under acid or base catalysis can produce imines."

"But because nitroamine contains two nitrogens with different reactivity, from the perspective of the reaction equation, there are two ways for the reaction of nitroamine and formaldehyde, one is to use N1 on nitroamine as the nucleophilic center"

Seeing Yu Yongzhong writing the derivation process eloquently on the paper, Xu Yun couldn't help feeling a surge of emotion in his heart.

You really deserve to be the top boss of the rabbits in the field of explosives.

I just briefly mentioned the preparation process and molecular structure, but Yu Yongzhong was able to think of such a deep level.

To know.

These days, the aldolamine condensation reaction is still an area of ​​heavy fog of war in the field of chemistry.

After all, it involves a lot of complicated microscopic reactions, and the current theory and technology are far from deep, and it will take several years for the whole concept to be fully understood.

For example, carbon-carbon bonds, and α-hydrogen bonds, etc.

Although Xu Yun respected many seniors at the scene, he had to admit that Yu Yongzhong's ability was indeed higher than that of Wang Yuan and others.

Now Yu Yongzhong has not been able to become the person in charge of a certain research group, largely because of his age—he is only 27 years old now.

Although there are not many dirty things about seniority in the 221 base, everyone subconsciously believes that the age of the project leader should not be too young.

As the saying goes.

If there is no hair on the mouth, it is not safe to do things. This kind of concept is also very common in later generations.

For example, when you go to the hospital to see a doctor or choose a teacher for your child, basically few people choose young people-experience and age are indeed equal most of the time.

So in general.

Unless it is a rare case like Xu Yun who has convinced everyone by his performance again and again, it is difficult for most people to directly become the person in charge of a project in their 20s—especially the development of explosives. on the subject.

But with Wu Yongzhong's ability, it should be a matter of time before he gets ahead.

Think here.

Xu Yun pulled his mind back to reality, ready to end the topic of CL20 after Yongzhong's derivation was completed.

After all, he has almost finished all the information that should be said, and the rest is mainly the task of Wang Yuanyu Yongzhong and his research and development team, and he can't help too much.

Judging from Yu Yongzhong's derivation process, it shouldn't take long for him to finish.

However, while Xu Yun was waiting.

Yu Yongzhong, who was doing deduction on paper, suddenly paused at the tip of his pen, and let out a light sigh:

"Huh?"

At this time, the attention of everyone in the observation room was on Yongzhong. Seeing his strange expression, Lao Guo couldn't help asking:

"Comrade Yongzhong, what happened?"

"."

Yu Yongzhong was silent for a moment, put the end of the pen on his chin, and shook his head lightly:

"There is something wrong, but it's not a problem in the derivation link. It's just that I personally feel that something seems a little strange."

Xu Yun was startled for a moment.

strangeness?

what does this mean?

But before Xu Yun could open his mouth, Yu Yongzhong took out another piece of paper and wrote on his own:

"Comrade Han Li, according to your statement, CL20 should be a standard three-dimensional structure, right?"

Xu Yun nodded.

This is the information he mentioned a long time ago, and it is also the most essential difference between CL20 and the previous three generations of explosives.

Seeing this, Yu Yongzhong wrote again:

"The three-dimensional structure, that is, its structural formula must be different from our existing four-membered ring, it should be an undefined five-membered ring or six-membered ring."

"Then the 6 nitro groups in the molecule can have different spatial orientations relative to the five-membered ring and the six-membered ring, and the lattice packing method and the number of molecules in the unit cell are also different, so the possible crystal form should be."

"24 kinds."

Swish——

Yu Yongzhong quickly wrote down several configurations on the arithmetic paper.

The concept of cyclization reaction was not proposed by R. B. Woodward in 1973, but the prototypes of three-membered rings and four-membered rings appeared in the 1950s.

It’s just that the current chemical community has relatively limited understanding of three-membered rings and four-membered rings. The most well-known substance is cyclopropane—and this thing can only be regarded as an introduction to the cyclization structure.

But on the other hand.

Although I don't have a deep understanding of the three- and four-membered rings.

But this does not prevent Yongzhong from guessing that CL20 is a five-membered ring or even a six-membered ring structure.

This is a logical question - because the four-membered ring cannot support a three-dimensional structure.

Just as the fuel used by the curvature engine cannot be coal, only the five-membered ring can support a three-dimensional three-dimensional configuration.

Of course.

The above sentence is based on the cognition of this era.

According to the knowledge system of later generations, not all four-membered rings are planar structures-because the bond-angle tension is not the only source of tension.

For example, cyclobutane and cyclopentane are not planar structures, but envelope and semi-chair configurations, so I won’t go into details here.

The line of sight returns to reality.

"Consultant Han, I have an idea that may be a bit wild."

Then Yu Yongzhong pushed the calculation paper in front of Xu Yun, and said to him after deliberation:

"Consultant Han, look, from the structural formula, CL20 is obviously a compound with high density and high nitrogen content."

"At the same time, due to the three-dimensional structure, the natural state of the single bond should be about 109.5 degrees—because it needs to support the structure."

"So I wondered, since this three-dimensional structure can be stabilized, what would happen if we remove all other impurities?"

"According to the law of gas diffusion, the higher the decomposition rate of the compound and the smaller the average relative molecular mass of the product gas, the higher its detonation velocity."

"So if we can remove the compound impurities and only nitrogen clusters are left, wouldn't the power of this explosive be greater?"

Looking at Yu Yongzhong who became more and more moved by his words.

At this moment, there are only a row of question marks rising and falling in Xu Yun's mind:

"??????"

wdnmd oh!

What did I hear?

Remove the impurities of the compound and only nitrogen clusters remain?

Can this tmd also think of it?

Everyone with your surname Yu is a monster, right?

well known.

In 2023, the year Xu Yun traveled to, although CL20 is known as a sub-nuclear explosive, it has won the title of the fourth generation of explosives.

But in the laboratory field, it is not the most powerful explosive.

in non-application areas.

There are three main types of new substances known as fifth-generation explosives:

One is niobium-based titanium magnesium.

It is rumored that this substance will explode if you look at it too much, and it will melt if you get closer. The main structure is aluminum cerium.

The second is metal hydrogen.

The principle of this thing is that under ultra-high pressure, the hydrogen atoms are tightly combined to form a metal bond, which has the characteristics of a metal.

In theory, it is a room-temperature superconductor with excellent electrical conductivity, and it can also be used as high-quality rocket fuel.

Early 2017.

A research team at Harvard University announced the first production of solid metal hydrogen by applying a high pressure of 495GPa to hydrogen.

But on February 22 of the same year.

Harvard University also claimed that due to operational errors, the diamond container holding the metal hydrogen just cracked, and the metal hydrogen sample disappeared bizarrely.

Until 2023.

The metal hydrogen still looks like a fisherman's vest, which seems to be very close, but in fact it is hard to find.

In addition to metal hydrogen, the third more powerful explosive is.

Total Nitrogen Anion Salt.

mentioned earlier.

The so-called explosives.

It relies on releasing the potential energy stored in molecules by breaking unstable chemical bonds and forming stable bonds, and then doing work externally.

And if the chemical bond energy is subdivided, there are actually three types:

Unstable single bond/double bond 100~400kJ/mol,

Stable double bond 600~700 kJ/mol,

And nitrogen nitrogen triple bond 942 kJ/mol (N2) or carbon oxygen triple bond 1072 kJ/mol (CO).

In terms of magnitude, the energy difference between them is not too big.

So after the advent of CL20.

It is almost impossible to obtain power across orders of magnitude by simply using chemical energy.

So then.

The chemical industry has set its sights on materials with high energy density.

The energy-containing pure nitrogen species is one of the ultra-high energy density materials,

It includes nitrogen clusters (N4, etc.), high polynitrogen, pure nitrogen anions/cations (N3/N5+/N5) and so on.

Because the product is mainly nitrogen, the energy release is extremely high, and only the homolysis process of free radicals is required to break the unstable N-N bond, and the reaction rate is usually very fast, so in general, its work power will also be high.

Of course.

Polyazoles and oxaazoles/furazans with high density and good oxygen balance are also extremely powerful.

The physical record of total nitrogen cation salt can be traced back to 1998.

At that time, the Air Force Research Laboratory's Advancement Science and Advanced Concepts Department in the country across the sea fiddled with this thing, but it has not been able to be released due to stability problems.

Then in 2017.

Jinling University of Technology synthesized the first all-nitrogen anion salt. Its explosive power is more than ten times that of TNT and three to four times higher than that of CL20.

It's just that Xu Yun didn't say anything about the total nitrogen anion salt out of low-key considerations.

After all, let alone a CL20 atomic bomb, subsequent hydrogen bombs and neutron bombs can all be promoted.

Since CL20 is useful, there is no need to mention the total nitrogen anion salt.

The result was unexpected.

Yu Yongzhong actually came up with this stuff based on his own premonition when the concepts of cyclization reaction and electronic hybrid orbital had not been formally proposed?

This TMD is too outrageous.

God has eyes, this time it's not Xu Yun's historical ass kicked by himself

Of course.

Ideas are ideas.

It is difficult for the total nitrogen anion salt to be released from the laboratory in 2023, let alone the current period.

The value of Yu Yongzhong's concept lies more in the strategic field.

Just as meteorological Doppler radar has opened a way for domestic radar research, total nitrogen anion salt also points out a very promising direction.

Think here.

Xu Yun's heart couldn't help but speed up a bit:

Indeed.

Considering the time and technology, it is almost impossible for me to see the full nitrogen anion salt before the end of the copy.

But don't forget.

More than ten years later, the rabbits will still fight with a certain white-eyed wolf

Calculated according to the time, it should not be difficult for the rabbits to master this thing by then.

If that's the case, the fun will be great

Note:

For some reason, the plot of explosives ends here, and explosives will not be involved in the future, and the foreshadowing will be a little deeper.

In addition, some students asked about the update. I have been in the laboratory recently, and the update may be less. It will start to explode after the 20th, which is the same as last month.